Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy
Adenotonsillar hypertrophy refers to the abnormal enlargement of the tonsils and adenoids. The tonsils and adenoids are lymph node tissues and part of the immune system and located at the back of the throat and behind the nose, respectively. This condition is fairly common in children and can cause a range of symptoms that affect breathing, sleep, and overall quality of life. When the tonsils and adenoids become too large, they can block normal airflow through the nose and throat, leading to issues such as mouth breathing, snoring and difficulty sleeping. Some children may also experience recurrent sore throats, ear infections or a nasal-sounding voice.
Some of the concerning symptoms of adenotonsillar hypertrophy are sleep disordered breathing or obstructive sleep apnea, conditions in which a child stops breathing for short periods during sleep due to airway obstruction. Parents may notice loud snoring, gasping, restless sleep or behavioral problems during the day. Behavioral symptoms of sleep disordered breathing can include irritability, sleepiness or difficulty concentrating. In some cases, children may struggle to eat or grow properly because of ongoing respiratory or feeding challenges.
When these symptoms significantly interfere with a child’s health and daily life, a referral to our team at ENT for Kids is needed. Our specialists will assess your child and may recommend surgical removal of the tonsils and adenoids. Indications for surgery typically include obstructive sleep apnea, frequent throat infections (often defined as seven episodes in one year, five episodes per year for two years, or three per year for three years) or difficulty breathing or swallowing due to enlarged tonsils and adenoids. Our providers will evaluate the child’s history, perform an exam of the nose and throat and possibly recommend a sleep study to determine whether surgery is indicated.
Treatment for adenotonsillar hypertrophy is tailored to each child. In mild cases without serious symptoms, the condition may be monitored over time, as tonsils and adenoids can shrink with age. If surgery is indicated, tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy is a safe and commonly performed procedure with a good success rates. Recovery typically takes about one week, during which time your child may experience a sore throat, changes in voice or discomfort requiring pain medications.
If you suspect your child is experiencing problems related to enlarged tonsils or adenoids, please reach out to us to arrange a consultation.