Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy
A tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (often called T&A) is a common surgical procedure in children that involves removing the tonsils and adenoids. These are small masses of lymph node tissue located in the throat and behind the nose, respectively. Tonsils and adenoids may help fight infections, but can become problematic when chronically enlarged or infected. Surgery for tonsil and adenoids removal is typically recommended for children who experience frequent throat infections, enlarged tonsils and adenoids causing sleep apnea or breathing problems, or recurrent ear or sinus infections linked to chronic inflammation of the adenoids.
The procedure is performed under general anesthesia in the operating room and usually takes less than one hour. During the surgery, the tonsils and adenoids are carefully removed through the mouth without any external incisions. Children are typically monitored for a few hours after surgery and may go home the same day. Some children may stay at the hospital overnight, particularly children under age 3, children with severe sleep apnea, or complex medical histories. Pain and discomfort in the throat, ears, or jaw are common after surgery and can last for up to one to two weeks.
Recovery from a T&A can be challenging for some children, mainly due to throat pain, difficulty swallowing, and a temporary decrease in appetite. Parents are advised to keep their child well-hydrated and offer regular diet during the recovery period. Pain management often involves a combination of over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Most children can return to normal activities within 7 to 10 days, but strenuous activities should be avoided until full recovery.
While the surgery is generally safe, there are potential risks and complications. These include bleeding during or after surgery, infection, reactions to anesthesia, and dehydration. Parents are advised to watch for signs of bleeding, such as spitting up blood, and to seek immediate medical advice is this occurs.
Despite the recovery challenges, tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy can provide significant long-term benefits. Many children experience fewer infections, improved sleep, better breathing, and overall enhanced quality of life. In cases of sleep apnea, removing the enlarged tonsils and adenoids can dramatically improve nighttime breathing and behavior during the day. As with any medical procedure, it’s important for parents to discuss all options and concerns with our providers.
If your child struggles with frequent throat infections or snoring with disturbed sleep quality, speak with your pediatrician or reach out to our team at ENT for Kids to arrange a consultation.
A copy of our post-operative instructions can be found here: Care after tonsil and adenoid removal